Pyramids from various perspectives
#ThisIsEgypt
The Ministry of Tourism and Antiquities in Egypt seeks to make some
ancient sites and museums available to the people of the world to enjoy
watching the ancient Egyptian civilization during their time in their
homes. Within the precautionary and preventive measures against the
emerging coronavirus (COVID-19), it launched a service for visits to some
of these sites through the official pages of the Ministry on the Internet
and social networking sites. The Ministry publishes several virtual visits
to it and an explanation of some museums through Egyptian tour guides. The
slogan for these visits will be:
Experience Egypt from Home Stay Home Stays Safe Today, The beauty of
Pyramids from various perspectives.
The pyramids of Giza in Egypt
As we all know, tourism is one of the most important sources of income
in countries around the world, in addition to this, antiquities are the
most important way to get to know the civilizations of the peoples that
preceded us, and in this regard, the Giza pyramids in Egypt are famous
as the most important monuments in and in the whole world; What made
scientists, researchers and explorers come from different parts of the
world to study these monuments and help in the archaeological and
scientific discoveries that these ancient historical monuments provide
to us. In what follows, we will learn everything that needs to be known
about these monuments.
The most important pyramids and tourist attractions in Giza:
The pyramids of Giza consist of; The Great Pyramid, which is the
pyramid of Khufu, followed by a few hundred meters in the southwest, the
pyramid of Khafre, which is slightly smaller than the main pyramid of
Khufu, and the relatively modest pyramid, the pyramid of Menkaure, is
also on the same path a few hundred meters away. Meters, but the Great
Sphinx is located in the eastern part of the area.
It is also rumoured that the head of the "Sphinx" is a carved statue of
the head of the Egyptian pharaoh "Khafre". These are the main pyramids
in the area that are not without some tombs and small pyramids for the
wives of the pharaohs.
1- The Great Pyramid, the pyramid of the pharaoh "Khufu" (2551 BC)
This huge pyramid is the largest of all. It is one of the most
important achievements of engineering pharaohs. It was built over twenty
years ago. Rumours differ about who built it. Some historians believe
that the pharaoh "Khufu" forced the slaves to build this pyramid to
perpetuate it, while others prefer a theory that improved the image of
Pharaoh "Khufu", as they believe that during the ancient Nile River
floods the lands were not suitable for agriculture, so the Pharaoh rose.
Khufu "provides clothes and food to the residents in exchange for their
work on this pyramid for 3 months a year."
This pyramid was built in an accurate engineering form, as the corners
of the pyramid were directed to apply to the main points of the compass
and with a fixed length of the base ribs (230.4 meters), while the faces
of the pyramid were inclined at an angle of 51 degrees to reach a height
of 147 meters, but as a result of their sabotage and demolition by
natural factors, their height decreased to become 138 meters, and 2300
stone blocks were used in its construction with an average weight of 2.5
tons per block.
2- The second pyramid, the pyramid of the pharaoh "Khafre" (2520 BC)
The pharaoh "Khafre" is the son of the pharaoh "Khufu", also known as
the pharaoh "Chevron", his pyramid was built on a site close to his
father's pyramid, and it seems at first glance that it rises more than
his father's pyramid, but this is nothing but an illusion resulting from
the fact that this pyramid is It was built on land whose height is
higher than the level of the ground on which the pyramid of Khufu was
built.
This pyramid preserves some of its covers from the original limestone
at the top, and the pharaoh "Khafre" was the one who ordered the
construction of the "Sphinx", which represents the sun god of the
pharaohs.
3- Pyramid of the Pharaoh "Menkaure" (2490 BC)
The pharaoh “Menkaure” Ibn Pharaoh “Khafre” built the third pyramid in
the Giza cemetery with an original height of no more than 70 meters,
which is less than half the height of the pyramid built by his
grandfather “Khufu”, its base of Aswan red granite (relative to the
Egyptian city of Aswan, which is famous for it), As for its summit, it
used brilliant white limestone in its construction.
4- The great statue "Sphinx"
The pharaoh “Khafre”, the son of the pharaoh “Khufu” built the statue
of “Sphinx” which represents (Ra-Horakhty) or as it is known today the
sun god of the Pharaohs. The head of the pharaoh “Khafre” was carved on
the body of the statue to commemorate him, the height of the Sphinx is
20 meters and its length of 73 meters, unfortunately, the conditions of
the "Sphinx" subsequently deteriorated over thousands of years, and
despite attempts to restore it, the Great Sphinx lost its nose in 1798
AD when the soldiers of "Napoleon Bonaparte" practised aiming and
shooting on it.
No, aliens or superpowers did not build the pyramids, many theories
explain the construction of the pyramids, and many scientists and
researchers came to explain the mechanism of construction, but at the
same time astrologers, promoters of pseudoscience, and followers of the
conspiracy theory came with superstitions. With stories about aliens
helping the pharaohs build the pyramids or the myth of priests
harnessing the unnatural energies in the universe to build pyramids in
the time of the pharaohs.
But thanks to modern science, researchers were able to refute all myths
and explain the method of building the pyramids in detail in an article
published on the scientific site (Live Science) in 2016 AD, where this
article explained the importance of the Nile water in transporting stone
pieces, as archaeological excavators discovered a lot of papyrus (A
special paper was used in the time of the pharaohs) explaining the
number of workers and food that were used to build the pyramids.
Scientists confirmed that the ancient Egyptians used sledges that
workers could push and pull, as well as moisten the sand in front of the
sledges to facilitate their movement, and the stones were lifted using
winches and the system of stairs, meaning that there were no
supernatural or abnormal forces that contributed to building the
pyramids that were built as a result of strength and cooperation between
the Egyptians The ancients.
Why were the pyramids built?
The main goal of building the pyramids was to place the remains of the
pharaoh in them, that is, as a special kind of graves, and they were
used as a store for some manuscripts and papyrus in which the Egyptians
recorded their knowledge, but the pyramid was used in particular because
they believed in life after death and their belief that death on earth
is the beginning of the true journey of life Second, they used it to
protect the corpses of their pharaohs to rise after death to rule the
world of the dead again.
What about the graves of queens and sons?
The importance of the spirits of queens, wives, and sons of the pharaohs
has not been overlooked; Therefore, many small pyramids were built
scattered or some tombs spread near the three great pyramids on the east
side or in the western field of the area where the pyramids are located,
with the presence of guards in charge of protecting these private royal
tombs in which many of the important wives and dynasties of the pharaohs
are buried. The most important of these cemeteries are the "West Junker"
cemetery, the "East Junker" cemetery, and the "Steindorf" cemetery.
Workers of the pyramids, slaves of the Pharaohs, or citizens who got their wages?
Much controversy over the fact that the workers who built the pyramids
were slaves of the Pharaohs, but after discovering the small tombs
around the pyramids, researchers noticed that some of these tombs were
designated for the sake of workers in addition to distinguishing the
workers from the rest of the citizens, as special and distinctive stone
pieces were used from the rest of the cemetery stones, Also, there are
indications of burying pieces of food and drink near them to aid them in
the second life; This solidified the basis for the theory that these
workers were paid wages for their work and were not merely powerless
slaves.
Astronomical puzzles related to the construction of the pyramids
The astronomical mysteries that are related to the pyramids are one of
the most important reasons that caused the great popularity of the
pyramids, from the beginning the pyramids were built so that their
angles indicate the four directions precisely, and some scientists have
found astronomical messages that determine the distance between the
earth and the sun, as it shows the path of the moon's rotation around
the earth, as well. The three main pyramids are located in the same
order as the three largest stars in the Gemini belt, and the "Sphinx"
was directed to be facing Leo during a certain period of the year.
Secret rooms, tunnels, and cabins not yet opened
Despite the study of these pyramids for more than two decades and
despite all the scientific discoveries in this regard, we did not reach
to decipher many of the symbols and mysteries related to these huge
buildings, as a robotic snake was developed by scientists at the
University of Leeds in Britain to photograph the rooms that did not
reach Human talk to her yet.
They came to the existence of many secret rooms, dark tunnels and
hieroglyphic writings that have not yet been explored, and a small hole
was discovered at the top of the pyramid of Pharaoh "Menkaure", the
target of which was only known recently, as it turned out that it allows
sunlight to enter the pyramid one day a year that happens to be a
birthday Pharaoh "Menkaure" !.
Curious facts about the pyramids
As we mentioned, the pyramids are one of the controversial buildings,
especially in matters related to how they were built, here is this quick
information about the pyramids:
-
The height of the Great Pyramid multiplied by a billion is precisely equal to the distance between the Earth and the sun.
-
The pyramids of Giza are the only survivors of the Seven Wonders of the Ancient World.
-
The Great Pyramid of Giza remained the largest human-made structure for 3,871 years.
-
The number of workers who participated in building the pyramids ranged between 20,000 and 100,000 workers.
-
The Kurdish ruler, "Aziz Uthman bin Yusuf" tried to destroy one of the pyramids but failed to do so.
Incorrect information about the pyramids
In addition to confirmed information, there are many rumours and
mysteries about the pyramids that have not been issued by any statement
from the scientific community confirming their authenticity and cannot
be believed without scientific evidence of them, so far they are only
rumours, and as examples of them:
-
Pyramids restore the pureness of contaminated water when placed inside them for several days.
-
The flesh does not rot inside the pyramids.
- Pyramids help wounds heal faster.
-
When placing a plant for several days inside any of these pyramids and later removing it from it, this plant grows faster than its counterparts.
-
Putting cigarettes inside the pyramid for several days will make them lose nicotine.
In Egypt, there are more than 100 pyramids
Egypt has a large number of 112 pyramids discovered, but most of them
have not been completed, and these pyramids are considered of little
importance compared to the three pyramids of Giza, the pyramids of Egypt
are distributed in many areas, so here a group of secondary pyramids
that we do not yet have information Enough about it, but it is
definitely important to know the name of these pyramids and who built
them.
|
The name of the pharaoh who ordered the construction of the
pyramid
|
The name of the pyramid |
|
Djoser |
Pyramid of Djoser |
|
Sekhemkhet |
Burial Pyramid |
|
Sneferu |
Pyramid at |
|
Sneferu |
Sneferu Bent Pyramid |
|
Sneferu |
Red Pyramid |
|
Djedev Ra |
Pyramid of Djedev Ra |
|
Shepseskaf |
Mastaba of Shepseskaf |
|
Userkaf |
Userkaf's Pyramid |
|
Sahure |
Pyramid of Sahure |
|
Neferkare |
Pyramid of Neferkare |
|
Unas |
Pyramid of Unas |
|
Teti |
Pyramid of Teti |
|
Baby I |
Baby's I Pyramid |
|
Baby II |
Baby II Pyramid |
|
Amenhotep I |
Pyramid of Amenemhat |
|
Amenhotep II |
White Pyramid |
|
Amenhotep III |
The Black Pyramid |
|
Amenhotep III |
Hawara Pyramid |
|
Senusret I |
Pyramid of Senusret I |
|
Senusret II |
Pyramid of Lahun |
|
Ahmose I |
Pyramid of Ahmose |